For viticultural purposes, the adjacent communes of Vosne-Romanée and Flagey-Echézeaux are considered to be one. At the very centre of the Côte de Nuits, Flagey-Echézeaux is bordered by Chambolle-Musigny on the north and Clos-Vougeot on the north and east; adjoining Flagey to the south, Vosne-Romanée is bordered on its own southern edge by Nuits-Saint-Georges. The two communes wrap around a contiguous slope of southeast and east exposure, in Vosne, to an east and northeast exposure in Flagey. Taken separately, Vosne- Romanée covers 388 acres and Flagey-Echézeaux 177 acres, but all the village level and premier cru vineyards of the latter fall under the Vosne-Romanée and Vosne-Romanée Premier Cru appellations; only the grands crus of Flagey-Echézeaux bear the commune name.

Thus, of the 243 acres of Vosne-Romanée village vineyards, 210 lie in Vosne and 33 lie in Flagey. The fourteen premier cru vineyards cover just over 141 acres: eleven of these are in Vosne, two are in Flagey, and one is split between the two, with total acreage of 113 and 28 acres, respectively, in each commune. The seven grands crus, arguably the greatest of the Côte d'Or, are less complicated: Romanée-Conti, La Tâche, La Romanée, Romanée-Saint-Vivant and Richebourg are in Vosne- Romanée and cover 64.7 acres; Grands-Echézeaux and Echézeaux are in Flagey-Echézeaux and cover 115.8 acres. Annual production, which is exclusively in red wines, averages 5,386 hectolitres (64,950 cases) in the village and premier cru vineyards, with the grands crus contributing another 1,910 hectolitres (21,200 cases).

The village of Vosne, known as early as 639 as "Vaona," was in later centuries a hunting preserve of the Dukes of Burgundy, who maintained a lodge where the village now stands. Most of the buildings have been constructed since 1870, when Vosne was nearly razed in the Franco-Prussian war. Viticulture dates at least to 1232, when the vineyard now known as Romanée-Conti belonged to the Abbey of Cîteaux. While the quality of the grands crus is justifiably exalted, and of the premiers crus very high, the quality of the village wines is often variable. If partly due to variation in soils evident also among the grands crus, some growers clearly rest on the laurels garnered by the name of this great commune. Choice of producer is thus of special importance in choosing a village Vosne-Romanée, the best of which are sublime.